Spasmodic dysphonia is a rare neurological voice disorder that causes involuntary movement of the muscles of the voice box (larynx). Adductor spasmodic dysphonia is the most common form of the condition resulting in involuntary and excessive closure of the vocal folds during voicing. Voice production sounds strained and strangled with abrupt starts and stops. Conversely, abductor spasmodic dysphonia involves involuntary opening of the vocal folds during voicing leading to intermittent breathiness. A mixed variant of spasmodic dysphonia also exists that causes involuntary opening and closing of the vocal folds during voicing.
Treatment
The cause of spasmodic dysphonia is unknown and current treatments do not cure the condition. However, there are treatment options available that can help manage the symptoms. Some people may find that a single treatment approach is effective at alleviating symptoms whereas others may find that a combination of approaches works best.
The most common treatment for spasmodic dysphonia is direct injection of botulinum toxin into the muscles of the larynx (voice box). In spasmodic dysphonia, the nerve signals that carry information from the brain to the muscles are incorrect. Botulinum toxin works by blocking these nerve signals. The beneficial effect of this treatment is temporary and usually lasts for 2-5 months.
Surgery can also offer a more permanent treatment option for people with spasmodic dysphonia.
Voice therapy is usually used in combination with the above treatment approaches to eliminate compensation behaviours and maximise the beneficial effects of injection or surgical treatments. For more information on voice therapy please visit our voice therapy page. If you are looking for voice therapy treatment of a spasmodic dysphonia please contact us to book an appointment with our Speech Pathologist.
